Fiber Calculation Method

Fiber calculation method

(1) fixed length system:

A. tex: the weight of the yarn of 1000 meters is known as the special number when the moisture regain is fixed.
Formula: TEX= (G/L) x 1000
Type: G is the weight of yarn, and L is the length of yarn.

B. Dan Neal: the weight of the 9000 meter long silk is known as the denier number when the moisture regain is fixed.
Formula: NTEX= (G/L) x 9000
Type: G is the weight of silk (gram), L is the length of silk (meter).

2. Fixed weight system:

A. number of public branches (public branch): length of 1 grams of yarn (silk).
Formula: NM=L/G
Type: 1 for yarn (silk) length (m), G for yarn (silk) weight (g).

B. British count (Ying Zhi): the number of 1 yards of yarn has 840 yards.
Formula: NE= (L/G) x 840
Type: L is the length (yarns) of yarn (silk), and G is the weight of yarn (silk).

First, visual perception of hand.

Hand vision is based on hand touch, eye observation, and experience to judge the type of fiber. This method is simple and does not require any instrument, but requires a lot of experience. Apart from touching and observing the fabric, the fabric can also be removed from the edge of the fabric for identification.

1. Handle and intensity: cotton and hemp feel hard and wool is very soft. Silk, viscose fiber and nylon are moderately comfortable. When broken by hand, silk, linen, cotton and synthetic fiber are strong; wool, viscose fiber and acetate fiber are weaker.

2, elongation: when stretching fibers, the elongation of cotton and linen is small; the elongation of wool and acetate fibers is longer; silk, viscose fiber and most synthetic fibers are moderately stretched.

3, length and uniformity: "natural fiber length, uniformity is poor, chemical fiber length, uniformity is better. Cotton fiber is thin and soft, and its length is very short. The wool is long and curly, soft and elastic. Silk is long and thin with special luster. The hemp vertebrae are gelatinous and hard.

4. Weight: cotton, linen and viscose fiber are heavier than silk; nylon, acrylic and polypropylene are lighter than silk; wool, polyester, vinylon, acetate fiber are similar to silk weight.

Two. Combustion method

Combustion characteristics of commonly used textile fibers
The phenomenon of smell and ashes after the flame is removed from flame in the near flame.
Cotton near flame burns and burns faster, with little afterglow, soft, black or gray.
The hair melted away from the flame and melted and burned continuously. It would burn itself out and burn feathers, fragile, crisp and black.
When the filament is melted away from the flame, there will be a continuous flame when it is burning. It will extinguish itself and spatter and burn the feather. It is fragile, crisp and black.
Near the flame, when it burns or burns, there will be a burst sound, which will continue to smoke and smoke, and there will be afterglow and cotton.
Viscose near flame is burning, burning and burning fast, no afterglow, burning paper mixed with chemical smell, except for those without light, they are ashless, with a small amount of black ash.
The nylon flame is melted, melted, dripped and bubbly. It doesn't burn directly. The celery tastes hard, round, light, brown to gray, and beads.
Polyester near flame is melt shrinkage, melt combustion, can continue to burn, a few cigarettes have very weak sweet hard round, black or light brown.
Acrylonitrile melt, near flame, burning and burning, fast burning, spatter, weak pungent, hard black, irregular or bead shaped.

Three. Microscopic observation.

The natural fibers and chemical fibers can be accurately distinguished by observing the longitudinal shape and cross sectional shape of the fibers with the aid of microscope.
Longitudinal and cross sectional morphological characteristics of commonly used fibers
Morphological characteristics of fiber longitudinal morphology
The cotton is flat, with natural rotation, round waist, and middle cavity.
The surface of the wool is scaly round or round, and some sheep pulp.
Straight irregular triangle of mulberry silk
Ramie and vertical stripes, with medium cavities and cracks.
Viscose fibers are longitudinally grooved with hook teeth forming multi page edges.
Polyester, nylon smooth circular
The acrylic fiber is smooth or has one or two grooves close to the circle.

Four. Identification methods of fibers

Five. Warp or weft of fabric

1) all kinds of fabrics have length and width, and the length parallel to the selvage is called the length. The direction of the length is the radial direction of the fabric. The length perpendicular to the selvage is called the width, and the direction of the width is the weft direction of the fabric. When weaving, the radial yarns are warp yarns, and the weft yarn used for weft is called weft yarn.

2) T/C 35% polyester, 65% cotton 45 * 45110 * 7644 ".

Weft Satin: a satin loop, weft yarn heald five times the warp ensemble, the weft line is longer.
Satin weave: cloth surface is smooth but not strong, easy to scratch, easy to hair.