Modern Management Theory

Classical management theory is the first stage of the development of Western management theory. This stage consists of three theories: the early management theory and the theory of early management. The theory was born in the second half of the eighteenth Century. Its main representative was Adam Simy. He put forward the theory of labor value, the theory of division of labor and David Ricardo. He studied capital, wages, profits and land rent on the basis of labor theory of value, and revealed the central issues of capitalist economic management and the nature of exploitation.

His representative figures are: Babbag, he developed Adam Simy's theory of division of labor, put forward the twelve principles of management efficiency, Maus put forward the six principles of management, and advocated the three principles of management.

The prominent feature of this theory is that science and technology are the main basis for establishing management theory, which includes different theoretical schools.

　其中较突出的代表人物有：泰勒(美国)，他提出了卖买标准操作、工作定额原理和标准化原理；法约尔(法国)，他提出了管理不同于经营，而是经营的六种职能活动之一，即技术活动、商业活动、财务活动、安全活动、会计活动和管理活动；韦伯(德国)提出了理想的行政组织体系理论，强调必须建立不受个人情感影响而在任何情况下都适用的规则和纪律，组织中人员之间的关系完全以理性准则为指导；厄威克(英国)，他提出了自认为适用于一切组织的八项原则，即目标原则、相符原则、职责原则、组织级层原则、控制广度原则、专业化原则、协调原则和明确性原则；吉利克(美国)，他把各家有关管理职能的理论加以系统化，提出了著名的管理七职能论，即计划、组织、人事、指挥、协调、报告和预算。